Chemical database S-T

As you can see, this is by no means a complete list. The list contains chemicals which are useful in the manufacture of propellants, explosives and pyrotechnics. It also contains the explosives themselves and the raw materials. The information is gathered from several reliable sources but I can not promise you that it is without flaw. Typing errors may also be present, so use the information with care. Some chemicals are listed only by their name or with only some of their properties, the list will be updated as soon as I can find the time. Chemical formulas are written in so many different ways, the formulas listed here are written the way they were in the original source.

Please contact me if you have any further information on these chemicals, just remember to mention source. 

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MW=Molecular weight

MP=Melting point

BP=Boiling point

FP=Flash point

AT=Atomic weight

Sol.=Soluble

Insol.=Insoluble

D=Density

Nat.=Natural mineral

 

 

Shellac

Liquid when dissolved in ethanol.

FP: 40°-70°F.

 

Silver acetylide

Ag2C2

MW: 239,76.

White explosive precipitate.

Solubility: Sol. in acetone. Slightly sol. in alcohol. Insol. in water.

 

Silver azide

AgN3

MW: 149,89. MP: 252°C. BP: 297°C.

Explosive, white rhombohedral prisms.

Solubility: Insol. in cold water. 0,01 at 100°C in water. Sol. in KCN or diluted HNO3. Slightly sol. in NH3OH.

 

Silver chlorate

AgClO3

MW: 191,32. MP: 230°C. BP: Decomposes at 270°C. D: 4,43 at 20°/4°C.

White tetrahedral crystals.

Solubility: 10 at 15°C and 50 at 80°C in water. Slightly sol. in alcohol.

 

Silver chlorite

AgClO2

MW: 175,32. MP: Explodes at 105°C.

Yellow crystals.

Solubility: 0,45 at 25°C and 2,13 at 100°C in water.    

 

Silver fulminate

Ag2C2N2O2

MW: 299,77.

Small needles.

Solubility: 0,075 at 13°C in water. Sol. in hot water or NH4OH. Insol. in NHO3.

Will explode if shocked or exposed to heat above 175°C. Is more powerful than mercury             fulminate. Has been used in primers.

 

Silver oxalate

Ag2C2O4

MW: 303,76. Explodes at 140°C. D: 5,029 at 4°C.

Colorless crystals.

Solubility: 0.00339 at 18°C. Sol. In KCN, NH4OH or alcohol.

 

Silver perchlorate

AgClO4

MW: 207,32. MP: Decomposes at 486°C. D: 2,806 at 25°C.

White deliquescent crystals.

Solubility: 557 at 25°C in water. Sol. in hot water and alcohol. Sol. 101 in toluene and 5,28 in benzene.

 

Silver picrate, Picratol

C6H2O ( NO2 )3 Ag · H2O

MW: 353,90.

 

Sodium bromate

NaBrO3

MW: 150,9. MP: 381°C. D: 3,339 at 17,5°C.

Colorless cubic crystals.

Solubility: 27,5 at 0°C and 90,9 at 100°C in water. Insol. in alcohol.

Reacts violently with phosphonium iodide.

 

Sodium nitrate, Soda niter, Nitratine, Chile saltpeter

NaNO3

MW: 84,99. MP: 306,8ºC. BP: Decomposes at 380ºC. D: 2,261.

Colorless, trigonal or rhombohedral, odorless crystals, saline, slightly bitter taste.

Solubility: 92,1 at 25°C and 180 at 100°C in water. Sol. in alcohol or MeOH. Very sol. in NH3. Very slightly sol. in acetone. Slightly sol. in glycerin.

Explodes when heated to over 538ºC, or when mixed with cyanides, ( S + charcoal ), Sodium hypophosphate, BP, Ba, Rhodanide and Sb.

 

Sodium nitrite, Diazotizing salt

NaNO2

MW: 69,00. MP: 271ºC. BP: Decomposes at 320ºC. D: 2,168.

Colorless to yellow rhombohedral hygroscopic crystals.

Solubility: 81,5 at 15°C and 163 at 100°C in water. 0,3 at 20°C in ether. 4,4 at 20°C in MeOH. 3 in absolute alcohol. Very sol. in NH3.

Explodes when heated to over 538ºC or on contact with cyanides, NH4+ salts

 

Sodium oxalate

Na2C2O4

MW: 134. MP: Decomposes at 250-270°C.

Colorless crystals or white powder.

Solubility: 3,7 at 20°C and 6,33°C in water. Insol. in alcohol or ether.

 

Stearic acid, Octadecanoic acid, Stearin.

CH3 ( CH2 )16 COOH

MW: 284,47. MP: 69,3°C. BP: 383°C. FP: 385°F. D: 0,847. Auto ign. temp. 743°F.

 

Strontium carbonate, Nat. Strontianite.

SrCO3

MW: 147,63. MP: 1497°C at 69 atm. . BP: -CO2 at 1340°C. D: 3,70.

Colorless rhombohedral crystals or white powder.

Solubility: 0,0011 at 18°C and 0,065 at 100°C in water. 0,12 in aquous CO2. Sol. in alcohol or NH4 salts.

 

Strontium nitrate

Sr ( NO3 )2

MW: 211,63. MP: 570°C. D: 2,986.

Colorless cubic crystals.

Solubility: 70,9 at 18°C and 100 at 90°C in water. 0,012 in absolute alcohol. Very sol. in NH3. Slightly sol. in acetone.

 

Tetracene, Naphtacene

C18H12

MW: 228,3. MP: 341°C. D: 1,35.

Orange crystals.

Will explode if shocked. Can react with oxydizing materials.

 

1,3,5,7-Tetranitrazacyclooctane, Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, Octogen, HMX

C4H8N8O8

D: 1,89-1,92

 

Tetranitroanilne ( TNA )

C6H3N5O8

MW: 273,12. MP: 170°C. BP: explodes at 237°C.

Explosive.

Will explode if shocked or exposed to heat. Can react violently with reducing materials. Tetranitroaniline is a powerful and sensitive high explosive, similar to tetryl. It deteriorates in the presence of moisture. It is used as a booster for high explosive shells and in primer and detonating compositions. 

 

Tetranitrocarbazole

( NO2 )4 ( C6H2 )2NH

MW: 347,2.

Explosive crystals

Will explode if shocked. Can react violently with oxydizing materials.

 

Tetranitromethane

C ( NO2 )4

MW: 196,04. MP: 13°C. BP: 125,7°C. D: 1,650 at 13°C

Colorless or yellow liquid.

Will explode if shocked or exposed to heat. Can react violently with oxydizing materials. It can form very powerful explosives when mixed with other nitro high explosives which are somewhat oxygen-deficient, or with hydrocarbons. Its primary use is in blasting explosives and in detonating compositions.

 

Tetranitronaphtalene

C10H4 ( NO2 )4

MW: 308,20. MP: 200°C.

Explosive crystals

Will explode if shocked or exposed to heat. Tetranaphtalene is a much used high explosive equal to but somewhat less sensitive to impact than TNT. It is used for bursting charges.

 

Toluene, Methylbenzene, Phenylmethane

C6H5CH3

MW: 92,13. MP: -95ºC. BP: 110,4ºC. FP: 4,5ºC       

Colorless liquid, benzol-like odor.

Can react violently with ( H2SO4 + HNO3 ), N2O4, AgClO4, or when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers.

 

1,3,5-Trinitrazacyclohexane,Cyclotrimethylentrinitramin,Cyclonite, Hexogen ( RDX )

C3H6N6O6   

MW: 222,15. MP: 202°C. D: 1,8. Energy: 5690 kJ/kg.

Explosive, white crystalline powder.

This is one of the most powerful explosives in use today. It has more shattering power than TNT and is often used in bursting charges mixed with TNT. It is easily initiated by mercury fulminate and may be used as a booster.

 

Trinitroacetonitrile

C2N4O6

MW: 176,05.

Explodes at 392°C.

Can react violently with oxidizing materials.

 

Trinitroaniline, Picramide

C6H4N4O6

MW: 228,1. MP: 188°C. D: 1,762.

Very sensitive to shock and heat. Can react violently with reducing materials.

 

Trinitroanisol, Methyl picrate

CH3OC6H2 ( NO2 )3

MW: 243,13. MP: 68,4°C. D: 1,408 at 20°C.

Crystals

Very sensitive to shock and heat. Trinitroanisole resembles picric acid in its high explosive properties but does not attack metals provided it is protected from moisture. It has a lower melting point than picric acid, which is an advantage in shell loading. It is used as a booster charge.

 

Trinitrobenzene

C6H3 ( NO2 )3

MW: 213,11. MP: 122°C. D: 1,760 at 20°C.

Explosive, yellow crystals.

Severe explosion hazard when exposed to shock or heat. Trinitrobenzene is considered a powerful explosive and has more shattering power than TNT. Although it is less sensitive to impact than TNT, it is not used much because it is difficult to produce.

 

Trinitrochlorobenzene

C6H2Cl ( NO3 )3

MW: 295,6

 

Trinitro-m-cresol, Cresolite

( NO2 )3C6H ( CH3 )OH

MW: 243,13

 

Trinitrodiphenylamine

C12H8N ( NO2 )2NO2

MW: 304,20

 

Trinitromethane, Nitroform

CH ( NO2 )3

MW: 151,04. MP: 19ºC. BP: Explodes. D: 1,479 at 20º/4ºC.

Solubility: Sol. in water, acetone and alkalis.

 

Trinitrooksylene, TNX

C6H ( CH3 )2 ( NO2 )3

MW: 241,16.

Explosive.

 

Trinitrophenylnitraminethylnitrate, Petryl

Explosive.

 

Trinitrophenylmethylnitroamine, Tetryl

C6H2 ( NO2 )3NCH3NO2    

MW: 287,15.

Explosive.

 

Trinitrophloglucin, Trinitrophoroglucinol

C6 ( NO2 )3 ( OH )3

MW: 261,1

 

Trinitroresorcinol

C6H3O8N3

MW: 245

 

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene,Trinitrotuloul, Triton, Trotyl  ( TNT )

C6H2CH3 ( NO2 )3    

MW: 227,13. MP: 82ºC. BP: Explodes at 240ºC. D: 1,654.

White solid.

Solubility: Very sol. in acetone and benzene. Sol. in ether. Slightly sol. in alcohol. Insol. in water.

Detonation Vo: 6800 m/s.

 

Turpentine oil, Spirit of turpentine, Etheroleum terebinthine

C10H16

MW: 136. BP: 154°-170°C. FP: 95°F. D: 0,854-0,868. Autoignition temp. 448°F

Colorless liquid, characteristic odor.

Soluble in Alcohol, Linseed oil and poppy oil. Explosive in vapor form. Can react violently with Ca ( OCl )2, Cl2, CrO3, Cr ( OCl )2, SnCl4, Hexachloromelamine, Trichlormelamine.